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Dr. Pornthip Rojjanasunant, the director of the Central Institute of Forensic Science Thailand revealed that the RDX explosive compound was found in the tear gas canister testing yesterday (12 Oct). Such canisters were imported from China and used mainly by Thai police during the crackdown in October 7. The trace of RDX spreading was also detected in the parliament area..
Do Not Fire Directly At Persons As Serious injury or Death
This RDX compound wasn’t found in other tear gas imported from US and Spain.
SCIENCE OF TERROR
A complex field, the chemistry of explosives has its dark side.
RDX — a white crystalline powder in pure form with the chemical name cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine — was discovered in 1899 by Hans Henning of Germany, but it was only during World War II that scientists learnt to turn it into a stable compound. Interestingly, one of the men who did this, John C. Sheehan, a professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge (US), also earned fame for his work on the process of synthesising penicillin. Since then, RDX has replaced TNT (trinitrotoluene) as the basic explosive used in conventional munitions. Also known as cyclonite, it is now manufactured in a number of countries. Because of the high risk involved and its complex chemical formulation, RDX is usually manufactured by ordnance factories and is used to make conventional munitions like rockets, bombs and torpedoes.
………..Malleable explosives like RDX, PETN and Semtex have a terrific impact even without the casing. They can be used in pens, cigarette packs, letters or, even more sinister, inside dolls and soft toys. Recently, authorities confiscated a couple of aeromodelling planes in the Poonch area. Undoubtedly the plan was to fit them with RDX-based devices. The explosive can be set off by all kinds of detonators — through remote radio beams, battery-sourced electric current set to a specific time or through pressure or sound. Depending on the size and the manner in which the explosive is placed, it is capable of killing an individual or scores of people or, for that matter, bring down huge buildings or bridges. Designing an RDX bomb is not for the novice. Safe handling of explosives and the technique of assembling RDX devices require some knowledge of physics and mathematics.
Police is firing a tear gas bomb
Dr. Pornthip also found the close match between the woud that killed Ms.Angkana Radabphanyawuth and the chinese tear gas. The RDX impact cause an unique circle shape wound.
“I have given all details to the Human Right Committee, but I can’t reveal them to a press yet.”, she said. “Tear gas usage records found that users (Thai police) haven’t purchased them from China, but someone else did arrange it for the police. I don’t know wheter it has been tested before using. I believe that the users don’t know what they were holding. And the police mentioned that there is no tear gas like this, which was purchased in 2538, in a stockpile anymore, because it was all used before. Each unit also doesn’t store this type of Chinese tear gas”
RDX Quick Facts
- RDX is used as an explosive and is also used in combination with other ingredients in explosives.
- It is not known whether RDX causes birth defects in humans; it did not cause birth defects in rabbits, but it did result in smaller offspring in rats.
- In one study, RDX caused liver tumors in mice that were exposed to it in the food.
- RDX is also used as a major component of many plastic bonded explosives used in nuclear weapons.
- The velocity of detonation of RDX at a density of 1.76 grams/cm
- In the United Kingdom RDX was manufactured in pilot plants at the RGPF Waltham Abbey in 1938 and at the Research Department at the Royal Arsenal, Woolwich.
RDX Application
Also called cyclonite, or hexogen, RDX is one of the main explosives in torpedoes, rockets, and bomb warheads. It is also used as in detonators, blasting caps, and demolition charges. It can also be used as a rat poison, and was used for medicinal purposes in the early twentieth century. (Application of RDX)
RDX when mixed with plasticisers is one of the most valuable of all military explosives. This is because it has more than 150% of the power of TNT., and is much easier to detonate. It should not be used alone, since it can be set off by a not-too severe shock. It is less sensitive than mercury fulminate, or nitroglycerine, but it is still too sensitive to be used alone. RDX. can be made by the surprisingly simple method outlined hereafter (reference not disclosed). It is much easier to make in the home than all other high explosives, with the possible exception of ammonium nitrate.
RDX and human’s health?
RDX can cause seizures (a problem of the nervous system) in humans and animals when large amounts are inhaled or eaten. The effects of long-term (365 days or longer), low-level exposure on the nervous system are not known. Nausea and vomiting have also been seen. No other significant health effects have been seen in humans.
Rats and mice that ate RDX for 3 months or more had decreased body weights and slight liver and kidney damage.
It is not known whether RDX causes birth defects in humans; it did not cause birth defects in rabbits, but it did result in smaller offspring in rats. It is not known whether RDX affects reproduction in people.
Is it a crowd control devices?
Dr. Pornthip Rojjanasunant is pointing to a tear gas bomb from China (green one)
“The police who fired the tear gas canisters might not know that they were using bad things. But will anyone investigate who purchased these explosive canisters, which other countries do not use. They are considered weapons, not crowd control devices,” Dr. Pornthip mentioned.
More News
Explosives residue on protesters’ clothes
By The Nation
Published on October 13, 2008
The explosive residues found on the clothing and wounds of anti-government protesters match those found on the barrels of tear-gas launchers used by anti-riot policemen during their controversial operations on October 7, forensic scientist Pornthip Rojjananant said yesterday.
Updated (14/Oct/08, 28/Oct/08)
Listen to what Dr.Pornthip mentioned (in Thai) on Chulalongkorn Radio. She clearly stated that two deputy prime ministers ordered the police to disperse PADs in the morning of October 7. Also detail about the deadly weapon that killed and hurted so many protesters. (Suthiyai Yoon from OkNation Blog)
In the first part of this clip, Thai police is testing the Chinese tear gas canister. You can watch how the canister exploded and burn the target. The rest is the discussion about this type of tear gas canister in Thai language (from Nation Channel)
RDX Tear Gas in somewhere else (15/Oct/08)
The truth is out there! // October 14, 2008 5:18 AM It seem that Chinese made tear gas can actually explode. And guess what, the event in Thailand is not the first incident.
Spreading Protests By China’s Farmers Meet With Violence
By ERIK ECKHOLM
Published: February 1, 1999
………
That morning, thousands of farmers gathered in Daolin town to find themselves facing hundreds of armed policemen and a special riot squad from the provincial capital of Changsha, some 30 miles away, with masks and shields, batons and tear gas. Before the farm leaders had given their speeches, as the crowd surged and jostled near the headquarters entrance, the police told people to leave and then lobbed several tear gas canisters, witnesses said.One exploded against the leg of Zhang Huangli, said his widow, Wen Xiuqing, who recalled the event in her house of mud bricks as dozens of agitated relatives crowded around. She insisted that her husband had been an innocent bystander.
From: BangkokPundit.com
The deadly formular RDX
More about RDX
Read more about RDX from Wikipedia
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From bangkokpost:
” The tests were carried out at a football field at the 11th Military Circle grounds.
A Chinese-made tear gas canister fired from a shotgun left a crater eight centimetres wide and 3cm deep.
A Chinese tear gas grenade was more powerful. One grenade explosion created a crater 16cm wide and 5-8cm deep.
Both types of tear gas were used during the clash between police and supporters of the People’s Alliance for Democracy (PAD) on Oct 7. Traces were found at the scene of the clash, Mr Surasi said. ”
http://www.bangkokpost.com/131008_News/13Oct2008_news08.php
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